Manufacture of coolers or condensers.



'(Applicatioyi filed. Mar. 7, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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Urrrnn STATES JULES GROUVELLE AND HENRI ARQUEMBOURG, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

MANUFACTURE OF COOLERS OR CONDENSERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 649,204, dated May 8,1900. Application filed March 7, 1900. Serial No, 7,686. (No model.)

To it whmn it may concern/.-

Be it known that we, JULEs GRouvELLn and HENRI ARQUEMBOURG, (trading asLA Sooniri: JULEs GRoUvELLE ET H. ARQUEM- BOURG,) citizens of the FrenchRepublic, residing at 71 Rue du Moulin-Vert, Paris, in the FrenchRepublic, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Man u facture of Coolers orCondensers, (in respect whereof we have applied forLetters Patent in Germany, dated December 13, 1899, No. 14,066, and inGreat Britain, dated January 11, 1900, No. 701,) of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of apparatus comprising pipesor tubes fitted exteriorly with a number of disks or gills andapplicable for use as coolers and condensers -as, for example, incooling the water circulating in the jacket surrounding the cylinder ofa petroleum-engine or in condensing the exhaust-steam in steam-propelledautocars. It is well known that for any such purposes one of the mostessential conditions upon which the production of a really serviceableform of apparatus depends is the reduction of the volume of suchapparatus to a minimum. This entails the employment of pipes formed witha great number of bends of very short radii, notwithstanding the factthat the pipes are furnished throughout with gills.

Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings represent our gilled pipes,which, so far as the pipe proper is concerned and with a view to thespecial application herein contemplated, are constructed of coppertinned on the outer surface, while as regards the disks or gills theyare made of white-plated inetalthat is to say, sheet-iron tinned on bothsides. Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a face view and an end elevationof a plate of such White sheet metal intended for use as a gill. Fig. 3is a face view of the same sheet-metal plate perforated'preparatory tobeing stamped into shape. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the plateafter same has been stamped into the form of a finished gill. Where verythin sheet metal is used, however, the requisite rigidity may beimparted to the gill by corrugating its surface in any suit-able manner.Fig. 5 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in longitudinalsection, of the pipe fitted with disks or gills.

It will be seen from the figures that the white sheet-metal plate A isprovided with a central perforation a, whence extend radial slits orslots at, the distance from the center of the perforation a to the outerend of the slots being practically equal to the external radius of thepipe B. When stamped into shape, the white metal plate A on one of itssides presents a slightly reduced or truncated sleeve-the result of thedirect action of the stainping-tool-composed of triangular sections 0.the internal diameter of the sleeve being such that assisted by theclear space left for the purpose the disks or gills may be readily andquickly threaded upon the pipe B throughout its length. Assuming thegills to be thus threaded or strungin position upon a pipe one end ofsuch pipe should be closed, while its other end is connected with asource of hydraulic pressure-as, for example, as hydraulic pressso thatby operating such hydraulic press and adequately raising the pressurewithin the said pipe the copper of which it consists and which is aductile metal may be expanded until the outer surface of the said pipe,first, accurately fits the inner surfaces of each of the sleeves, and,secondly, forms a slight swelling upon each of the exposed parts betweenthe triangular sections a of the said sleeve, as shown at 0 Beforeproceeding further we would point out, first, that the shape of thetriangular sections of the sleeves here shown is that best adapted bothto render them yielding and to insure their tightly gripping the pipewhen expanded, as before stated, while the discontinuous form given tothose sleeves is the only one which for practical purposes admits of thepipes being bent into numerous curves of very small radii Without aflaw, the triangular sections composing the said sleeves being capableof a certain amount of elasticity and freedom of action which permits ofthe imbrication of their turned-up parts, provided the sheet metalemployed in constructing the gills is sufficiently thin; secondly, thatwhen once the gills have been brought into juxtaposition thedistances atwhich they are placed apart are for all practical purposes satisfactory,inasmuch as these distances, resulting as they do from the fact that thesleeve of one gill abuts against the plane surface of the adjacent gillareas in all properly constructed gilled pipespractically equal to theradius of the external circumference of the pipe; thirdly, thatconvenient proportions between the dimensions of the several parts areprovided for, in the case of our gilled pipes, owing to the circumstancethat the distances between the gills (which stand in a predeterminedproportion to the radius of the external circumference of the pipe, asabove stated,) increase with the radius of the external circumference ofthe pipe. This being understood, we will suppose that by putting one ora number of our improved gilled pipes to practical use a cooler or acondenser, as the case may be, has been constructed, say, in aserpentine or coil form and of any degree of complexity. As the coilingor bending of the gilled pipe or pipes may prevent a perfectly-closecontact between the interior tinned surfaces of the sleeves and thetinned outer surface of the pipe (especially at the bends) one extremityof the coil is closed and its opposite end connected with a source ofhydraulic pressure, sothat any defects resulting from theabove-mentioned operation may be made good. The coil is, moreover,placed for a suitable period in a heating-chamber, wherein thetemperature is maintained ata degree approaching the point of fusion oftin. Upon withdrawing the said coil from the heating-chamber it will befound in a faultless condition as regards conductibility, all itsconstituent parts being united without showing the slightest break. Thatthis must be so will be readily understood, more especially seeing thatthe tin (of which we eifect a species of autogenous welding) having beenpreviously distributed evenly and brought into close contact with itselfat all points cannot exhibit any flaws or breaks after fusion.

We may mention in conclusion what follows as a matter of course from theforegoing remarks that if absolutely necessary the metal platesconstituting the gills might be tinned on one side only.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The herein-described method of manufacturing coolers or condensers,consisting in fitting ductile metal pipes, tinned on their exterior,with gills formed of plate metal whereof the surface is also tinned,uniting the gills and pipes by subjecting the interior of the latter tohydraulic pressure, bending the gilled pipes into the form desired,again subjecting same to hydraulic pressure applied intern-ally, andfinally exposing the gilled pipes to a temperature adapted to fusetogether the contiguous tin coatings, substantially as set forth.

J ULES GROUVELLE. HENRI ARQUEMBOURG. Witnesses:

EDOUARD GARI INON, GABRIEL THOREAU.

